Home Plot Diversity Curves Tree of Life About Admin Login

Welcome to the Tracefossils subsite on Invertebrate Paleontology!

Please enter a genera name to retrieve more information.

Search By:
and Class
and Order

Helminthoida

Classification

    Phylum:  
Trace Fossils and Problematica
    Class:  
Trace Fossils
    Formal Genus Name and Reference:  
Helminthoida SCHAFHAUTL, 1851, p. 142
    Type Species:  
Helminthoida labyrinthica HEER, 1865, p. 246; SD HJiNTzsCHEL, 1962, p. W200]


Images

(Click to enlarge in a new window)
Fig. 44,1a,b. H. sp.; 1a, schem. drawing; 1b, Tert., Toscana, Italy; X0.75 (Seilacher, 1967a,c). -- Fig. 44,1c. *H. labyrinthica, U. Cret., Aus.; X1 (Hantzschel, 1955). [See also Fig. 55,1b,c.]


Synonyms

Elminthoida, Helminthoidea, Helminthoides, Helmintoidea


Geographic Distribution

Eu.-N.Am.(Alaska)S.Am.(Chile-Venez.-Trinidad)-Asia (Japan)-?N.Z.


Age Range

    Beginning Stage in Treatise Usage:  
Cret.
    Beginning International Stage:  
Berriasian
    Fraction Up In Beginning Stage:  
0
    Beginning Date:  
143.1
    Ending Stage in Treatise Usage:  
Tert.
    Ending International Stage:  
Gelasian
    Fraction Up In Ending Stage:  
100
    Ending Date:  
1.81


Description

Meandering tunnel trails; meanders numerous, very regular, parallel and closely spaced, but may be irregular, not always parallel, and not closely spaced; about 1 to 3 mm. wide, max. width of meanders about 1 cm., and length 10 em.; regular meanders (particularly H. crassa) are type of the "guided meanders" (RICHTER, 1924, p. 153); species of this " genus" exhibit much variability, thus KSI4ZKIEWICZ (1970, p. 296) introduced two " groups" and some " formae" (e.g., H. labyrintMea forma lata). [Former interpretations: plants (algae), worms, feeding traces of gastropods, strings of spawn (RECH-FROLLO, 1962); now regarded as internal grazing trails of wormlike animals. For behavioral analysis, see RICHTER (1928) and SEILACHER (1967a,c); meanders are probably effected by stimuli (homostrophy, thigmotaxis, phobotaxis); SEILACHER (1967c, p. 76) described areas of disturbance created by churning of sediment along sides of tunnels.] [Found in flysch deposits.]




References



Museum or Author Information